| Atomic # |
Symbol |
Name |
Standard Potential |
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| 118 | Og | Oganesson | None |
| 117 | Ts | Tennessine | None |
| 116 | Lv | Livermorium | None |
| 115 | Mc | Moscovium | None |
| 114 | Fl | Flerovium | None |
| 113 | Nh | Nihonium | None |
| 112 | Cn | Copernicium | None |
| 111 | Rg | Roentgenium | None |
| 110 | Ds | Darmstadtium | None |
| 109 | Mt | Meitnerium | None |
| 108 | Hs | Hassium | None |
| 107 | Bh | Bohrium | None |
| 106 | Sg | Seaborgium | None |
| 105 | Db | Dubnium | None |
| 104 | Rf | Rutherfordium | None |
| 103 | Lr | Lawrencium | Lr3+⇔ Lr (-1.960 V) |
| 102 | No | Nobelium | No2+⇔ No (-2.500 V) |
| 101 | Md | Mendelevium | Md2+⇔ Md (-2.400 V) |
| 100 | Fm | Fermium | Fm2+⇔ Fm (-2.300 V), Fm3+⇔ Fm (-1.890 V) |
| 99 | Es | Einsteintium | Es2+⇔ Es (-2.230 V), Es3+⇔ Es (-1.910 V) |
| 98 | Cf | Californium | Cf 2+⇔ Cf (-2.120 V), Cf 3+⇔ Cf (-1.940 V) |
| 97 | Bk | Berkelium | Bk3+⇔ Bk2+ (-2.800 V) |
| 96 | Cm | Curium | Cm3+⇔ Cm (-2.040 V) |
| 95 | Am | Americium | Am2+⇔ Am (-1.900 V), Am3+⇔ Am (-2.048 V) |
| 94 | Pu | Plutonium | Pu3+⇔ Pu (-2.031 V) |
| 93 | Np | Neptunium | Np3+⇔ Np (-1.856 V) |
| 92 | U | Uranium | U3+⇔ U (-1.798 V), U4+⇔ U3+ (-0.520 V) |
| 91 | Pa | Protactinium | Pa4+⇔ Pa3+ (-1.900 V) |
| 90 | Th | Thorium | Th4+⇔ Th (-1.899 V) |
| 89 | Ac | Actinium | Ac3+⇔ Ac (-2.200 V) |
| 88 | Ra | Radium | Ra2+⇔ Ra (-2.800 V) |
| 87 | Fr | Francium | Fr+⇔ Fr (-2.900 V) |
| 86 | Rn | Radon | None |
| 85 | At | Astatine | None |
| 84 | Po | Polonium | None |
| 83 | Bi | Bismuth | Bi3+⇔ Bi (0.308 V) |
| 82 | Pb | Lead | Pb2+⇔ Pb (-0.126 V) |
| 81 | Tl | Thallium | Tl+⇔ Tl (-0.340 V), Tl3+⇔ Tl (0.720 V) |
| 80 | Hg | Mercury | Hg2+⇔ Hg (l) (0.850 V), Hg22+⇔ 2 Hg (l) (0.800 V) |
| 79 | Au | Gold | Au+⇔ Au (1.830 V), Au3+⇔ Au (1.520 V) |
| 78 | Pt | Platinum | Pt2+⇔ Pt (1.188 V) |
| 77 | Ir | Iridium | None |
| 76 | Os | Osmium | None |
| 75 | Re | Rhenium | Re3+⇔ Re (0.300 V) |
| 74 | W | Tungsten | WO2 + 4 H+⇔ W + 2 H2O (-0.120 V) |
| 73 | Ta | Tantalum | Ta3+⇔ Ta (-0.600 V) |
| 72 | Hf | Hafnium | HfO(OH)2 + H2O⇔ Hf + 4 OH- (-2.500 V) |
| 71 | Lu | Lutertium | Lu3+⇔ Lu (-2.280 V) |
| 70 | Yb | Ytterbium | Yb2+⇔ Yb (-2.760 V), Yb3+⇔ Yb (-2.190 V) |
| 69 | Tm | Thulium | Tm2+⇔ Tm (-2.400 V), Tm3+⇔ Tm (-2.319 V) |
| 68 | Er | Erbium | Er2+⇔ Er (-2.000 V), Er3+⇔ Er (-2.331 V) |
| 67 | Ho | Holmium | Ho2+⇔ Ho (-2.100 V), Ho3+⇔ Ho (-2.330 V) |
| 66 | Dy | Dysprosium | Dy2+⇔ Dy (-2.200 V), Dy3+⇔ Dy (-2.295 V) |
| 65 | Tb | Terbium | Tb3+⇔ Tb (-2.280 V) |
| 64 | Gd | Gadolinium | Gd3+⇔ Gd (-2.279 V) |
| 63 | Eu | Europium | Eu2+⇔ Eu (-2.812 V), Eu3+⇔ Eu (-1.991 V) |
| 62 | Sm | Samarium | Sm2+⇔ Sm (-2.680 V), Sm3+⇔ Sm (-2.304 V) |
| 61 | Pm | Promethium | Pm2+⇔ Pm (-2.200 V) |
| 60 | Nd | Neodymium | Nd2+⇔ Nd (-2.100 V), Nd3+⇔ Nd (-2.323 V) |
| 59 | Pr | Praseodymium | Pr2+⇔ Pr (-2.000 V), Pr3+⇔ Pr (-2.353 V) |
| 58 | Ce | Cerium | Ce3+⇔ Ce (-2.336 V), Ce4+⇔ Ce3+ (1.610 V) |
| 57 | La | Lanthanum | La3+⇔ La (-2.379 V) |
| 56 | Ba | Barium | Ba2+⇔ Ba (-2.912 V) |
| 55 | Cs | Cesium | Cs+⇔ Cs (-3.026 V) |
| 54 | Xe | Xenon | [HXeO6]3- + 5 H2O⇔ Xe + 11 OH- (1.180 V) |
| 53 | I | Iodine | I2 (s) ⇔ 2 I- (0.540 V) |
| 52 | Te | Tellurium | Te ⇔ Te2- (-1.143 V) |
| 51 | Sb | Antimony | SbO+ + 2 H+⇔ Sb + H2O (0.210 V), Sb + 3 H+⇔ SbH3 (-0.510 V) |
| 50 | Sn | Tin | Sn2+⇔ Sn (-0.130 V), Sn4+⇔ Sn2+ (0.150 V) |
| 49 | In | Indium | In3+⇔ In (-0.340 V) |
| 48 | Cd | Cadmium | Cd2+⇔ Cd (-0.400 V) |
| 47 | Ag | Silver | Ag+⇔ Ag (0.799 V), Ag2+⇔ Ag+ (1.980 V) |
| 46 | Pd | Palladium | Pd2+⇔ Pd (0.915 V) |
| 45 | Rh | Rhodium | None |
| 44 | Ru | Ruthenium | None |
| 43 | Tc | Technetium | None |
| 42 | Mo | Molybdenum | MoO2 + 4 H+⇔ Mo + 2 H2O (-0.150 V), H2MoO4 + 6 H+⇔ Mo + 4 H2O (0.110 V) |
| 41 | Nb | Niobium | Nb3+⇔ Nb (-1.099 V) |
| 40 | Zr | Zirconium | Zr4+⇔ Zr (-1.450 V) |
| 39 | Y | Yttrium | Y3+⇔ Y (-2.372 V) |
| 38 | Sr | Strontium | Sr+⇔ Sr (-4.100 V), Sr2+⇔ Sr (-2.899 V) |
| 37 | Rb | Rubidium | Rb+⇔ Rb (-2.980 V) |
| 36 | Kr | Krypton | Inert |
| 35 | Br | Bromine | Br2 (aq) ⇔ 2 Br- (1.087 V), Br2 (l)⇔ 2 Br- (1.066 V) |
| 34 | Se | Selenium | H2SeO3 + 4 H+⇔ Se + 3 H2O (0.740 V), Se⇔ Se-2 (-0.920 V) |
| 33 | As | Arsenic | H3AsO4 + 3 H+⇔ As + 3 H2O (0.250 V), As + 3 H+⇔ AsH3 (-0.600 V) |
| 32 | Ge | Germanium | Ge4+⇔ Ge (0.120 V) |
| 31 | Ga | Gallium | Ga3+⇔ Ga (-0.530 V) |
| 30 | Zn | Zinc | Zn2+⇔ Zn (-0.762 V) |
| 29 | Cu | Copper | Cu+⇔ Cu (0.520 V), Cu2+⇔ Cu (0.337 V) |
| 28 | Ni | Nickel | Ni2+⇔ Ni (-0.250 V) |
| 27 | Co | Cobalt | Co2+⇔ Co (-0.280 V), Co3+⇔ Co2+ (1.820 V) |
| 26 | Fe | Iron | Fe2+⇔ Fe (-0.440 V), Fe3+⇔ Fe (-0.040 V) |
| 25 | Mn | Manganese | Mn2+⇔ Mn (-1.185 V) |
| 24 | Cr | Chromium | Cr3+⇔ Cr2+ (-0.420 V), Cr3+⇔ Cr (-0.740 V) |
| 23 | V | Vanadium | V2+⇔ V (-1.130 V), V3+⇔ V2+ (-0.260 V) |
| 22 | Ti | Titanium | Ti2+⇔ Ti (-1.630 V), Ti3+⇔ Ti (-1.370 V) |
| 21 | Sc | Scandium | Sc3+⇔ Sc (-2.077 V) |
| 20 | Ca | Calcium | Ca+⇔ Ca (-3.800 V), Ca2+⇔ Ca (-2.868 V) |
| 19 | K | Potassium | K+⇔ K (-2.931 V) |
| 18 | Ar | Argon | Inert |
| 17 | Cl | Chlorine | Cl2 (g) ⇔ 2 Cl- (1.360 V) |
| 16 | S | Sulfur | H2SO3 + 4 H+⇔ S + 3 H2O (0.450 V), S⇔ S-2 (-0.480 V) |
| 15 | P | Phosphorus | H3PO2 + H+⇔ P + 2 H2O (-0.510 V) |
| 14 | Si | Silicon | SiO2 + 4 H+⇔ Si + 2 H2O (-0.860 V) |
| 13 | Al | Aluminum | Al3+⇔ Al (-1.662 V) |
| 12 | Mg | Magnesium | Mg2+⇔ Mg (-2.372 V) |
| 11 | Na | Sodium | Na+⇔ Na (-2.710 V) |
| 10 | Ne | Neon | Inert |
| 9 | F | Fluorine | F2 (g) ⇔ 2 F- (2.870 V) |
| 8 | O | Oxygen | 1/2 O2 + 2 H+⇔ H2O (1.230 V), O3 + 2 H+⇔ O2 + H2O (2.070 V) |
| 7 | N | Nitrogen | N2O + 2 H+⇔ N2 + H2O (1.770 V) |
| 6 | C | Carbon | CO2 + 2 H+⇔ CO + H2O (-0.120 V), CO2 + 2 H+⇔ HCOOH (-0.200 V) |
| 5 | B | Boron | B(OH)3 + 3 H+⇔ B + 3 H2O (-0.870 V) |
| 4 | Be | Beryllium | Be2+⇔ Be (-1.847 V) |
| 3 | Li | Lithium | Li+⇔ Li (-3.040 V) |
| 2 | He | Helium | Inert |
| 1 | H | Hydrogen | 2 H+⇔ H2 (0.000 V), H2⇔ 2 H- (-2.230 V) |
