- Structure & Bonding
- Atomic Structure: The Nucleus
- Atomic Structure: Orbitals
- Atomic Structure: Electron Config
- Chemical Bonding Theory
- Valence Bond Theory
- sp3 Hybrid Orbitals & the Alkanes
- sp2 Hybrid Orbitals & the Alkenes
- sp Hybrid Orbitals & the Alkynes
- Hybridization of N, O, P, & S
- Molecular Orbital Theory
- Drawing Chemical Structures
- Polar Covalent Bonds
- Electronegativity
- Dipole Moments
- Formal Charges
- Resonance
- Rules for Resonance Forms
- Drawing Resonance Forms
- Bronsted-Lowry Acids/Bases
- Acid & Base Strength
- Predicting A/B Rxn from pKa Values
- Organic Acids & Organic Bases
- Lewis Acids/Bases
- Molecular Models
- Noncovalent Interactions
- Alkanes & Their Stereochemistry
- Functional Groups
- Alkanes & Alkane Isomers
- Alkyl Groups
- Naming Alkanes
- Properties of Alkanes
- Conformations of Alkanes
- Cycloalkanes
- Naming Cycloalkanes
- Cis-Trans Isomerism in Cycloalkanes
- Stability of Cycloalkanes: Ring Strain
- Conformations of Cycloalkanes
- Axial & Equatorial Bonds
- Conformations of Monosub'd Cyclohexanes
- Conformations of Disubd'd Cyclohexanes
- Conformations of Polycyclic Molecules
- Organic Reactions
- Kinds of Organic Reactions
- Mechanisms of Organic Rxns
- Radical Reactions
- Polar Reactions
- Equilibria, Rates, & Energy Changes
- Bond Dissociation Energies
- Energy Diagrams & Transition States
- Intermediates
- Alkenes
- Industrial Prep & Use of Alkenes
- Degree of Unsaturation
- Naming Alkenes
- Cis-Trans Isomerism in Alkenes
- E,Z Designation
- Stability of Alkenes
- Electrophilic Addition Rxns of Alkenes
- Orientation & Markovnikov's Rule
- Carbocation Structure & Stability
- The Hammond Postulate
- Carbocation Rearrangements
- Alkenes, Reactions & Synthesis
- Elimination Reactions
- Rxn of Halogens w/Alkenes
- Halohydrin Formation
- Water & Oxymercuration
- Water & Hydroboration
- Carbenes & Cyclopropane
- Hydrogenation Reduction
- Oxidation
- Oxidation & Cleavage
- Polymerization
- Alkynes
- Naming Alkynes
- Preparation of Alkynes
- Addition of HX & X2
- Hydration of Alkynes
- Reduction of Alkynes
- Oxidative Cleavage of Alkynes
- Alkyne Acidity
- Alkylation of Acetylide Anions
- Introduction to Organic Synthesis
- Stereochemistry
- Enantiomers & the Tetrahedral Carbon
- Chirality
- Optical Activity
- Enantiomers
- Sequence Rules
- Diastereomers
- Meso Compounds
- Racemic Mixtures
- Isomerism
- Rxn of H2O w/Achiral Alkene
- Rxn of H2O w/Chiral Alkene
- Chirality at N, P, & S
- Prochirality
- Chirality in Nature
- Organohalides
- Naming Alkyl Halides
- Structure of Alkyl Halides
- Preparing from Alkanes
- Preparing from Alkenes
- Stability of the Allyl Radical
- Alkyl Halides from Alcohols
- Grignard Reagents
- Organometallic Coupling Rxns
- Redox Rxns in Organic Chemistry
- Nucleophilic Sub & Elim of Alkyl Halides
- Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
- The SN2 Reaction
- The SN1 Reaction
- Elimination Rxns, Zaitsev's Rule
- The E2 Rxn & Deuterium Isotope Effect
- The E2 Rxn & Cyclohexane Conformation
- The E1 & E1cB Rxns
- Mass Spec & IR Spectroscopy
- Mass Spectrometry
- Interpreting Mass Spectra
- Biological Chemistry
- Spectroscopy & the EM Spectrum
- Infrared Spectroscopy
- NMR Spectroscopy
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
- The Nature of NMR Absorptions
- Chemical Shifts
- 13C NMR Spectroscopy
- 1H NMR Spectroscopy & Proton Equiv
- Chemical Shifts in 1H NMR
- Integration of 1H NMR Absorptions
- Spin-Spin Splitting
- Uses of 1H NMR Spectroscopy
- Ultraviolet Spectroscopy
- Stability of Conjugated Dienes
- Addition Rxns of Conjugated Dienes
- Diels–Alder Cycloaddition Reaction
- Diene Polymers
- Conjugated Systems
- The Effect of Conjugation
- Benzene & Aromaticity
- Names of Aromatic Compounds
- Structure & Stability of Benzene
- Aromaticity & the Huckel Rule
- Aromatic Ions
- Aromatic Heterocycles
- Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
- Spectroscopy
- Chemistry of Benzene
- Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Rxns
- Other Aromatic Substitutions
- Friedel-Crafts
- Substituent Effects
- Trisubstituted Benzenes
- Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution
- Benzyne
- Oxidation of Aromatic Compounds
- Reduction of Aromatic Compounds
- Synthesis of Trisubstituted Benzenes
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- Alcohols & Phenols
- Naming Alcohols & Phenols
- Properties of Alcohols & Phenols
- Preparation of Alcohols
- Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds
- Reaction of Carbonyls with Grignard
- Reactions of Alcohols
- Oxidation of Alcohols
- Protection of Alcohols
- Phenols & Their Uses
- Reactions of Phenols
- Spectroscopy
- Ethers & Epoxides
- Names & Properties of Ethers
- Synthesis of Ethers
- Acidic Cleavage
- Claisen Rearrangement
- Cyclic Ethers: Epoxides
- Reactions of Epoxides
- Crown Ethers
- Thiols & Sulfides
- Spectroscopy
- Aldehydes & Ketones
- Naming Aldehydes & Ketones
- Preparation of Aldehydes/Ketones
- Oxidation of Aldehydes/Ketones
- Nucleophilic Rxns of Aldehydes/Ketones
- Addition of H2O
- Addition of HCN
- Addition of Grignard Reagents
- Addition of Amines
- Hydrazine: The Wolff-Kishner Rxn
- Alcohols: Acetal Formation
- Phosphorus Ylides: The Wittig Reaction
- Conjugate Nucleophilic Addition
- Spectroscopy
- Carboxylic Acids & Nitriles
- Naming Carboxylic Acids & Nitriles
- Structure & Properties of Carboxylic Acids
- Biological Acids
- Substituent Effects on Acidity
- Preparation of Carboxylic Acids
- Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
- Chemistry of Nitriles
- Spectroscopy
- Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
- Naming Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
- Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Rxns
- NAS of Carboxylic Acids
- Acid Halides
- Acid Anhydrides
- Esters
- Amides
- Thioesters & Acyl Phosphates
- Polyamides & Polyesters
- Spectroscopy
- Carbonyl Alpha-Substitution Rxns
- Keto-Enol Tautomerism
- Reactivity & Mechanism of Enol Rxns
- Alpha Halogenation of Aldehydes/Ketones
- Alpha Bromination of Carboxylic Acids
- Acidity of Alpha Hydrogen Atoms
- Reactivity of Enolate Ions
- Alkylation of Enolate Ions
- Carbonyl Condensation Reactions
- The Aldol Reaction
- Dehydration of Aldol Products
- Using Aldol Reactions in Synthesis
- Mixed Aldol Reactions
- Intramolecular Aldol Reactions
- Claisen Condensation Reaction
- Mixed Claisen Condensations
- Dieckmann Reaction
- The Michael Reaction
- The Stork Reaction
- Amines & Heterocycles
- Naming Amines
- Properties of Amines
- Basicity of Amines
- Basicity of Substituted Arylamines
- Synthesis of Amines
- Reactions of Amines
- Reactions of Arylamines
- Heterocycles
- Spectroscopy
- Carbohydrates
- Classification of Carbohydrates
- Stereochemistry: Fischer Projections
- D,L Sugars
- Configurations of the Aldoses
- Cyclic Structures of Monosaccharides
- Reactions of Monosaccharides
- Essential Monosaccharides
- Disaccharides
- Polysaccharides & Their Synthesis
- Amino Acids, Peptides, & Proteins
- Structures of Amino Acids
- Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation
- Synthesis of Amino Acids
- Peptides & Proteins
- Amino Acid Analysis of Peptides
- Peptide Sequencing
- Peptide Synthesis
- Protein Structure
- Enzymes & Coenzymes
- Lipids
- Waxes, Fats, & Oils
- Soap
- Phospholipids
- Terpenoids
- Steroids
- Biosynthesis of Steroids
- Nucleic Acids
- Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids
- The Watson-Crick Model
- Replication of DNA
- Transcription of DNA
- Translation of RNA
- DNA Sequencing
- DNA Synthesis
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Metabolic Pathways
- Metabolism & Biochemical Energy
- Catabolism of Triacylglycerols
- Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids
- Glycolysis
- Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA
- The Citric Acid Cycle
- Carbohydrate Biosynthesis
- Transamination
- Pericyclic Reactions
- Molecular Orbitals
- Electrocyclic Reactions
- Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions
- Cycloaddition Reactions
- Stereochemistry of Cycloadditions
- Sigmatropic Rearrangements
- Rules for Pericyclic Reactions
- Synthetic Polymers
- Chain-Growth Polymers
- Stereochemistry of Polymerization
- Copolymers
- Step-Growth Polymers
- Polymer Structure
- Physical Properties
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