HoZ =  67



Holmium
From the Latin "Holmia", meaning "Stockholm"
(AM) Atomic Mass 164.9304  amu    Oxidation States +3
   (BP) Boiling Point 2720  °C    (MP) Melting Point 1470  °C
   (ρ) Density 8.78  g/cm3    Crystal Structure Hexagonal
   ( χ ) Electronegativity 1.2    (AR) Atomic Radius 1.58  Å
   Physical State Solid (C) Heat Capacity 0.165  J/g °C
Electronic-Config [Xe]  4f11  6s2     (I1) First Ionization E 580.65  kJ/mol
   (ΔHvap) Heat of Vaporization 265  kJ/mol     (ΔHfus) Heat of Fusion 17  kJ/mol
   Year of Discovery 1867    Location of Discovery Switzerland
(E°) Standard Potential Ho2+⇔ Ho (-2.100 V),   Ho3+⇔ Ho (-2.330 V)
Stable isotopes  165Ho
Discovered/Synthesized by Per Theodor Cleve
Natural Source The mineral/ore bastnasite, monazite, loparite
Common Uses Infrared lasers, laser surgery, eye-safe laser rangefinders, computer disks, yellow glass filters
Other Info Used as a dopant of crystals in high-performance lasers
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